Uwoyela we-Viticis Negundo ohlanzekile we-Folium wekhandlela nensipho wenza uwoyela othe xaxa we-diffuser uwoyela obalulekile usha wezishisi zokushisa umhlanga

Inkambu yobuchwepheshe

Okusunguliwe kwamanje kuhlobene nensimu kawoyela enamahlamvu amahlanu ahlanzekile, iwuhlobo lwendlela yokulungiselela amafutha ashisayo anamaqabunga amahlanu esihlahla.

Ubuchwepheshe bangemuva

Embonini yezokudla, ama-sanitas angenye yezithako ezibaluleke kakhulu.Iwukuthi ikilasi kufanele lithathe isithasiselo sokudla esivikela inani lokudla kanye nesici sokuqala.Okwamanje ama-sanitas avamile iningi lawo ane-chemosynthesis sanitas emhlabeni, kodwa ukuyenga kwe-chemosynthesis sanitas kuyingozi, izinkinga ezibangelwa ukudla okungapheli okubangela ukukhathazeka okungapheli. iminyaka, kanye nokuphakanyiswa kwempilo yabantu kanye nezinga lokusetshenziswa, isidingo sokucutshungulwa kokudla kanye nezinguquko eziningi nangokwengeziwe eziqondisweni ezifana ” imifino ” kanye ” yemvelo “.Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kokudla okuphephile okusebenzayo kwe-sanitas kubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu.Ama-Antiseptics okudla kwemvelo angahlukaniswa ama-microbialpreservatives, i-nicety, i-tenmra i-epsilon-polysine), isilondolozi sokudala (i-protamine, i-propolis, i-chitosan) kanye ne-agent ye-antiseptic yezitshalo (itiye-polyphenol, izitshalo zamafutha abalulekile, i-garlicin, i-anthraquinone imithi ye-herbal)) Umphumela we-physiological and pharmacological ngaphezu kwalokho une.Njengomunye wemithombo ebalulekile ye-agent ye-antiseptic yemvelo, kusukela ezitshalweni uwoyela obalulekile, ukuhlunga okuphumelelayo, kwezomnotho, okuphephile kwezinto ezilondolozayo njengezilondolozi zokudla, zinethuba elibanzi lokufaka isicelo kanye Nokubaluleka Kocwaningo kakhulu.

Njengamanje, ucwaningo lwe-antibacterial lokutshala luningi, ngokusho komphumela walo wocwaningo, cishe lungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu ezilandelayo: ukubangela lokho okuvimbezelayo ucwaningo lwama-bacterium e-pathogenic wokonakala kokudla kuthola izivimbelakuvunda zokudla zemvelo, ucwaningo lomphumela ovimbelayo we-phytopathogen luthuthukiswa ucwaningo lwesimanje nomphumela ovimbelayo womzimba womuntu amagciwane e-pathogenic akhiqizwa futhi ahlukaniswe isitshalo esisha, ngokusho kwesitshalo. izitshalo zamafutha abalulekile futhi zenze ucwaningo lwe-antibacterial, izimpande zezitshalo, isiqu, iqabunga zenziwa ekuhlolweni kwe-antibacterial kanye nocwaningo lomsebenzi we-anti-microbial ukutshala i-endogenesis fungus ekhishwe nge-organic solvent extraction.

Ngesisekelo sokuthi okusungulwe kwamanje kuhloswe kumafutha ahlanzekile anamaqabunga amahlanu omuthi ukuze kukhishwe; kusetshenziswe ekugcinweni okusha kwe-lotus rhizome anti-corrosive; impahla ye-biocidal, ukuphepha njengezilondolozi zokudla okuvela ezitshalweni; ukuthola izilondolozi zokudla ezitholakala ezitshalweni eziluhlaza, eziphephile nezithembekile; ekuthuthukisweni okuphelele kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesihlahla esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu sinikeza isisekelo sokuhlola; ngcono isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yezitshalo, kwakhiwe inani eliphezulu lezomnotho.

Isihlahla esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu (Vitex negundo Linn) siyizinhlobo ze-Verbenaceae Vitex, elinye igama elinamahlamvu amahlanu ahlanzekile, i-Fructus Viticis Negundo, isihlahla esihlanzekile sendwangu, amahlumela esihlahla esimsulwa, umoya weminwe emihlanu, i-Folium vilicis Negundo.I-machaka yaminyaka yonke noma i-dungarunga, futhi yonke i-lefrance ifinyelela ukuphakama, i-stem kanye ne-stem Iqabunga liwukuphila, futhi iqabunga elihlanganiswe ngesundu, linesibambo eside, ipheshana elingu-3-5, futhi liluhlaza okotshani, liyi-ellipticity avette kuya ku-lanceolar, unqenqema olugcwele noma i-sawtooth kancane, izinwele ezimhlophe ezimhlophe zesikhathi esiseduze ngemuva, ukuhlikihla kune-peat-reek-reek-level efanelekile yesihlahla esihlala endaweni eyisihlanu. I-China, isakazwa kabanzi e-China Yangtze esigodini nasezifundazweni nasezifundeni, eningizimu, kanti futhi kuyasatshalaliswa eShandong.EMpumalanga Afrika futhi isabalalisa kakhulu emhlabeni njengeBolivia yaseMadagascar, eningizimu-mpumalanga, e-Asia naseNingizimu Melika.

Imbewu ye-vitex ephuzi, iqabunga, igatsha nezimpande zonke zingasetshenziswa njengomuthi.Imbewu yevitex ephuzi ine-apophlegmatic eqeda ukukhwehlela futhi inciphisa umphumela we-bronchospasm, yelapha ikakhulukazi umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, isifuba somoya, isifo samathambo, umalaleveva, isisu esibuhlungu, i-hernia, i-anal fistula njll. iqeda ubuthi, yelapha ikakhulukazi umkhuhlane, ukushisa, ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo, isifo sohudo, umalaleveva, i-jaundice, i-rheumatism, ukwelapha ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu ngokulimala okubuhlungu, izinhlungu ezibuhlungu, futhi kungavimbela ukukhula kokuvuvukala kwe-formaldehyde sacroiliitis. i-hemolytic streptococcus namathumbu amakhulu, i-anthrax, i-diphtheria, i-typhoid fever, ubomvu obuluhlaza, isihudo.

Isihlahla esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu sitshala uwoyela obalulekile, siphinde sithi uwoyela wamakha noma amafutha aguquguqukayo, iyisisetshenziswa sesigaba sesibili se-metabolism esitholakala esitshalweni, siyisisindo samangqamuzana ezintweni zezitshalo, singashunqisa ngomhwamuko wamanzi, sibe noketshezi olunamafutha olushintshashintshayo lwephunga elithile. I-aliphatics, uchungechunge olumnandi kanye ne-terpene izinhlobo ezintathu ezinkulu kanye nokuphuma kwazo komoya-mpilo njengotshwala, i-aldehyde, i-ketone, i-asidi, i-ether, i-ester, i-lactone njll. ngesakhiwo samakhemikhali, futhi ine-nitrogenous kanye ne-sulfur equkethe i-nitrogenous. isamba esikhulu socwaningo kokubili ekhaya naphesheya.Ucwaningo lubonisa, ukuthi izitshalo amafutha abalulekile has antibacterial, desinsection, anti-oxidant isoreactivity, ezicini ezifana imithi, amakhemikhali ezolimo, izithasiselo ifolishi, has ukusetshenziswa kabanzi.

Uwoyela oguquguqukayo wesihlahla esimsulwa onamaqabunga amahlanu unomsebenzi obalulekile obanzi wokubulala izinambuzane Ezinambuzaneni Eziyinhloko Ezigciniwe Zokusanhlamvu ezifana ne-sitophilus zea-mais, i-Callosobruchus chinensis, i-lesser grain borers, futhi ingalawula ngempumelelo i-Fl ukuze kwakhiwe inani labantu, yehlisa ubuningi bayo. I-imago, izibulala-zinambuzane ezisebenzayo ezibalulekile emafutheni ahlanzekile anamahlamvu amahlanu esihlahleni.Iziphuzo zesitimu ezisebenzayo ezifana ne-Yang Haixia zikhipha uwoyela oshisayo esihlahleni esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu.Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC.MS) ukuze utadishe ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali esihlahla esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu, sihlukaniseke phakathi kwesihlahla esihlanzekile sibe siguquguquke. 28.Ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa i-caryophyllene (23.981%).I-Huang Qiong (2008) njll. khipha uwoyela oguquguqukayo we-Vitex negundo var cannabifolia nge-microwave irradiation, sebenzisa i-capillary gas chromatography i-MS eyodwa ngokuhambisana nokusesha kwekhompyutha, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ayo kulinganiswa ngendlela ehlanganisiwe yokulinganisa, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuhambisana nokulinganisa kwendawo ngayinye ngokulandelana. amafutha aguquguqukayo.Umphumela ukhomba izinhlanganisela eziyi-16 sezizonke, futhi umzimba omkhulu wamafutha wokushibilika i-caryophyllene (20.14%).

Khipha indlela evamile yokukhipha uwoyela wezitshalo futhi ube ne-steam distillation (indlela yokuphuza amanzi, indlela yokugaya ngaphezu kwamanzi, i-steam distillation), inqubo yokusabalalisa amanzi, indlela yokukhipha i-solvent, indlela yokumuncwa, i-CO ephezulu kakhulu.₂i-abstraction technique, i-ultrasonic wave auxiliary extraction technology, i-microwave radiation induction abstraction technique, i-enzyme extraction technology njll.Okushodayo ukucekela phansi izinto ezinkulu ezingezwani nokushisa nezinto ezingazinzile.

Isifinyezo sokusungulwa

Inhloso yokusungulwa ukuhlinzeka ngohlobo lokusebenzisa kanyekanye indlela yokuphuza i-distillation, sebenzisa indlela yokulungiselela yokukhipha i-polarity organic solvent extraction enamahlamvu amahlanu ahlanzekile esihlahla sikawoyela.

Isikimu sobuchwepheshe salokhu okusunguliwe, sibonakala kulokho kwamukela kanye nesisindo esingu-10g sempushana emsulwa enamahlamvu amahlanu eflaskini eyindilinga eyi-1000mL, engeza amanzi acwecwe angu-300mL futhi enze izinto eziningi zokucwiliswa emanzini, ngokuhlukana uthole i-50mL evamile ye-hexane ku-500ml ehlanganisiwe futhi ukhiphe isitsha esisodwa ngesikhathi esisodwa I-110 ± 5 ℃ yezinga lokushisa elincane lesimo esibilayo, izinga lokushisa le-organic solvent-normal i-hexane eyodwa ekugcineni lilawulwa ku-80 ℃ ± 5 ℃, ukuphatha konke ukuguquguquka kuzo zombili izinhlangothi kuqala isikhathi futhi kugcine isikhathi esingu-4h, ngemva kokukhipha, i-organic reagent idluliselwa kupulaki yethuluzi elingunxantathu ku-anhydrous flask enhle ye-sodium. ikhekhe, isiqandisi ngobusuku obubodwa, ngemva kokuwela i-millipore filtration engu-0.45 μ m, ukuhwamuka okujikelezayo kufanele kusale ngenani elincane, ukudluliselwa ebhodleleni lomjovo wesampula kanye ne-nitrogen evuthela iphunga elingancibiliki, zithole uwoyela ophuzi oguquguqukayo, kukhona i-peat-reek eqinile, la mafutha abalulekile aguqulwa abe yi-GC, i-organic on-inthanethi i-hexanaphthene (90 ℃ ± 5 ℃ yamazinga okushisa), i-methylene dichloride (50 ℃ ± 5 ℃), i-ethyl acetate (90 ℃ ± 5 ℃) futhi isebenzise indlela efanayo futhi iqhube ngenkathi isizinda sokuhluza, isizinda se-distillation yilelo thuluzi lesampula elifakwe emanzini futhi isampula ye-aqueous isetshenziswa kokubili. ukushisisa ukubilisa kanyekanye, umhwamuko wamanzi kanye nomhwamuko oncibilikayo (u) r kuxubene ngokugcwele kudivayisi, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukujiya kuyasuswa kanye nengxenye ye-organic solvent esigabeni samanzi ekhishwa njalo sisalokhu siqhubeka nenqubo ingcolile ngokuqhubeka isikhathi eside, ngenxa yokuthi amanzi nesigaba se-organic akuncibiliki komunye nomunye ngepayipi elimise u-U futhi kufanele ahlukaniswe, abuyele kunqubo yokuhlukanisa kokubili ngokulandelana. okuqhubekayo, ukujikeleza, finyelela into yezinhlanganisela eziguquguqukayo kanye ne-semi-volatile yomkhondo ekukhishweni, ukuhlukaniswa kanye nesampula yokucebisa.

Ngenxa yokwamukela isikimu sesu, indlela yokukhipha yokuhlola inesici esinesivuno esiphezulu, esilula ukusisebenza; Isetshenziselwa ukugcinwa okusha kwe-lotus rhizome, umphumela muhle kakhulu; Faka isandla ekuthuthukiseni okuqukethwe kwenhlanganisela eqondiwe.