Uwoyela we-Viticis Negundo ohlanzekile we-Folium wekhandlela nensipho wenza uwoyela othe xaxa we-diffuser uwoyela obalulekile usha wezishisi zokushisa umhlanga

Inkambu yobuchwepheshe

Okusunguliwe kwamanje kuhlobene nensimu kawoyela enamahlamvu amahlanu ahlanzekile, iwuhlobo lwendlela yokulungiselela amafutha ashisayo anamaqabunga amahlanu esihlahla.

Ubuchwepheshe bangemuva

Embonini yezokudla, ama-sanitas angenye yezithako ezibaluleke kakhulu.Iwukuthi ikilasi kufanele lithathe isithasiselo sokudla esivikela inani lokudla kanye nezinhlamvu zangempela.Okwamanje ama-sanitas ajwayelekile iningi lawo ane-chemosynthesis sanitas emhlabeni, kodwa ukuyenga I-chemosynthesis sanitas iyingozi, i-teratogenecity kanye nezinkinga ezinjengobuthi obungalapheki obubangela kalula ziye zabangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwezenhlalo. izinguquko eziqondisweni ezifana nokuthi ” imifino ” kanye ” nemvelo “.Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kokudla okuphephile okusebenzayo kwe-sanitas kubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu.Imithi elwa namagciwane yokudla kwemvelo ingahlukaniswa ngama-microbialpreservatives (N,O-Diacetylmuramidase, nisin, i-tennecetin, i-epsilon-polylysine), isilondolozi sendalo (i-protamine, i-propolis, i-chitosan) kanye ne-ejenti yomthombo wezitshalo ezibulala amagciwane (itiye-polyphenol, izitshalo zamafutha abalulekile, i-garlicin, imithi ye-herbal anthraquinone) . ukudla okulungile iphunga eliyingqayizivele, ukunikeza iphunga elimnandi, elipendiwe, i-anti-oxidant, i-anticorrosion (anticorrosion) kanye nomphumela wokuphila nemithi ngaphezu kwalokho okunayo.Njengomunye wemithombo ebalulekile ye-agent ye-antiseptic yemvelo, evela ezitshalweni uwoyela obalulekile, ukuhlunga okuphumelelayo, kwezomnotho, izinto ezilondolozayo eziphephile njengezilondolozi zokudla, zinethuba elibanzi lokufaka isicelo kanye Nokubaluleka Kocwaningo kakhulu.

Njengamanje, ucwaningo lwe-antibacterial lokutshala luningi, ngokusho komphumela walo wocwaningo, cishe lungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu ezilandelayo: ukuze kubangele lokho okuvimbela umphumela ucwaningo lwamabhaktheriya e-pathogenic of spoilage yokudla kuthola izilondolozi zokudla zemvelo, ucwaningo oluvimbela umphumela we-phytopathogen ithuthukiswe ucwaningo lwesimanje nomphumela ovimbelayo womzimba womuntu amagciwane e-pathogenic akhiqizwa ku-newtype drug.Okwamanje, ngokusho kokuhlukaniswa futhi indawo yesenzo socwaningo lwezitshalo: khipha izitshalo uwoyela obalulekile futhi wenze ucwaningo lwe-antibacterial, izimpande zezitshalo, isiqu, iqabunga. zenziwa ocwaningweni lwe-antibacterial kanye nocwaningo lomsebenzi we-anti-microbial ukuze kutshalwe i-endogenesis fungus ekhishwe nge-organic solvent extraction.

Ngesisekelo sokuthi okusungulwe kwamanje kuhloswe kumafutha ahlanzekile anamaqabunga amahlanu omuthi ukuze kukhishwe; kusetshenziswe ekugcinweni okusha kwe-lotus rhizome anti-corrosive; impahla ye-biocidal, ukuphepha njengezilondolozi zokudla okuvela ezitshalweni; ukuthola izilondolozi zokudla ezitholakala ezitshalweni eziluhlaza, eziphephile nezithembekile; ekuthuthukisweni okuphelele kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesihlahla esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu sinikeza isisekelo sokuhlola; ngcono isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yezitshalo, kwakhiwe inani eliphezulu lezomnotho.

Isihlahla esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu (Vitex negundo Linn) yizinhlobo ze-Verbenaceae Vitex, elinye igama elithi ibha yesihlahla esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu, iFructus Viticis Negundo, isihlahla esimsulwa sendwangu, amagatsha esihlahla esimsulwa, umoya weminwe emihlanu, Folium vilicis Negundo. i-machaka noma i-dungarunga yonyaka, nobude besitshalo bungafinyelela ku-6m, kanti igatsha, iqabunga nesiqu konke kunephunga elimnandi, kusukela egatsheni lengxenye, kanye nezinwele eziluhlaza ezivala i-canescence. Ishidi elingu-5, kanye nohlaza olukhanyayo, liyi-ellipticity avette kuya ku-lanceolar, unqenqema olugcwele noma i-sawtooth kancane, izinwele ezimhlophe ezicolekile zesikhathi esiseduze ngemuva, ukuhlikihla kune-peat-reek.Ukuba khona okufanele kwesihlahla esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu esihlahleni i-torrid zone kanye neSifunda Esipholile e-China, sisatshalaliswa kabanzi e-China Yangtze Valley kanye nezifundazwe nezifunda ngasinye, eningizimu, kanti futhi kuyasatshalaliswa eShandong.IMpumalanga Afrika isakaza kabanzi emhlabeni njengeBolivia yaseMadagascar, eningizimu-mpumalanga, e-Asia kanye I-South America.

Imbewu ye-vitex ephuzi, iqabunga, igatsha kanye nezimpande zonke zingasetshenziswa njengomuthi.Imbewu yevitex ephuzi ine-apophlegmatic eqeda ukukhwehlela futhi inciphisa umphumela we-bronchospasm, yelapha ikakhulukazi umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, isifuba somoya, isifo samathambo, umalaleveva, isisu, i-hernia, i-anal fistula. I-Negundo Chastetree Leaf ingakwazi ukukhulula okungaphezu kwamandla ngokupholisa, ukususa umswakama, ukukhipha ubuthi, ukwelapha ikakhulukazi umkhuhlane, ukushisa, ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo, isifo sohudo, umalaleveva, i-jaundice, i-rheumatism, ukwelapha ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu ngokulimala okubuhlungu, izinhlungu ezibuhlungu, ukuthuthukiswa kokuvuvukala kwe-formaldehyde sacroiliitis.I-decoction ye-Negundo Chastetree Leaf noma impande inomphumela ovimbela ku-bacillus njenge-streptococcus aureus, i-beta hemolytic streptococcus kanye namathumbu amakhulu, i-anthrax, i-diphtheria, i-typhoid fever, ubomvu obuluhlaza, i-dysentery.

Izihlahla ezimsulwa ezinamahlamvu amahlanu zitshala uwoyela obalulekile, futhi zithi amafutha enamakha noma amafutha ashintshashintshayo, iyisisetshenziswa sekilasi lesigaba sesibili se-metabolism esitholakala esitshalweni, siyisisindo samangqamuzana ezintweni zezitshalo, singashunqisa ngomhwamuko wamanzi, sibe noketshezi olunamafutha olushintshashintshayo lwephunga elithile. .Amafutha abalulekile ngokuvamile awokukhipha isithelo, imbali, iqabunga kanye nempande esitshalweni, anephunga elimnandi noma iphunga.Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu njengoba equkethwe, kungahlukaniswa nge-aliphatics, uchungechunge olumnandi kanye ne-terpene izinhlobo ezintathu ezinkulu kanye nokuqukethe kwazo. i-oxygen derivative njengotshwala, i-aldehyde, i-ketone, i-asidi, i-ether, i-ester, i-lactone njll ngesakhiwo samakhemikhali, futhi ine-nitrogenous kanye ne-sulfur-bearing ehlanganisiwe. eminyakeni embalwa, umsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane wezitshalo uwoyela obalulekile kanye nengxenye yawo eyodwa uye wenziwa inani elikhulu locwaningo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izitshalo uwoyela obalulekile unazo ziyi-antibacterial, desinsection, anti-oxidant isoreactivity, ezicini ezifana nemithi, amakhemikhali ezolimo, izithasiselo zefolishi, isetshenziswa kabanzi.

Uwoyela oguquguqukayo wesihlahla esimsulwa onamaqabunga amahlanu unomsebenzi obalulekile obanzi wokubulala izinambuzane Ezinambuzaneni Eziyinhloko Ezigciniwe Zokusanhlamvu ezifana ne-sitophilus zea-mais, i-Callosobruchus chinensis, i-lesser grain borers, futhi ingalawula ngempumelelo i-Fl ukuze kwakhiwe inani labantu, yehlisa ubuningi bayo.I-Monomer Terpane, firpene zonke zinomsebenzi ophezulu wokubulala izinambuzane ku-corundum Sitophilusspp. I-imago, izibulala-zinambuzane ezisebenzayo ezibalulekile emafutheni ahlanzekile anamahlamvu amahlanu esihlahleni.Iziphuzo zesitimu ezisebenzayo ezifana ne-Yang Haixia zikhipha uwoyela oguquguqukayo esihlahleni esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu.Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC.MS) ukuze ufunde ngamakhemikhali ukwakheka kwamafutha aguquguqukayo esihlahla esimsulwa esinamaqabunga amahlanu. Zihlukaniselwe sezizonke izinhlanganisela ezingu-37, kukhonjwe lapho 28.Ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa i-caryophyllene (23.981%).I-Huang Qiong (2008) njll. khipha amafutha aguquguqukayo e-Vitex negundo var cannabifolia nge-microwave irradiation, sebenzisa I-capillary gas chromatography i-MS eyodwa ngokuhambisana nosesho lwekhompuyutha, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ayo kwenziwa ngokulandelana ukuze kuhlaziywe futhi kukhonjwe, ngendlela yokujwayela kwendawo, kukalwe okuqukethwe okuhlobene kwenhlanganisela ngayinye kuwoyela oguquguqukayo.Umphumela ukhomba izinhlanganisela eziyi-16 sezizonke, kanye nendikimba eyinhloko yokushintshashintsha amafutha yi-caryophyllene (20.14%).

Khipha indlela evamile yokukhipha uwoyela wezitshalo futhi ube ne-steam distillation (indlela yokuphuza amanzi, indlela yokugaya ngaphezu kwamanzi, i-steam distillation), inqubo yokusabalalisa amanzi, indlela yokukhipha i-solvent, indlela yokumuncwa, i-CO ephezulu kakhulu.₂i-abstraction technique, i-ultrasonic wave auxiliary extraction technology, i-microwave radiation induction abstraction technique, i-enzyme extraction technology njll.Okushodayo ukucekela phansi izinto ezinkulu ezingezwani nokushisa nezinto ezingazinzile.

Isifinyezo sokusungulwa

Inhloso yokusungulwa ukuhlinzeka ngohlobo lokusebenzisa kanyekanye indlela yokuphuza i-distillation, sebenzisa indlela yokulungiselela yokukhipha i-polarity organic solvent extraction enamahlamvu amahlanu ahlanzekile esihlahla sikawoyela.

Uhlelo lobuchwepheshe lwalokhu okusunguliwe, lubonakala kulokho kutholwa kanye nesisindo esingu-10g sempushana emsulwa enamahlamvu amahlanu eflaskini eyindilinga ephansi engu-1000mL, engeza amanzi acwecwe angu-300mL bese wenza insada yokucwiliswa emanzini, thola ngokuhlukana i-50mL i-hexane evamile ku-500mL flask. , xhuma idivayisi yokukhipha i-distilling kanye nokukhipha ngasikhathi sinye, yenza into eyodwa ekugcineni igcine cishe u-110 ± 5 ℃ wezinga lokushisa elincane lesimo esibilayo, izinga lokushisa le-organic solvent-normal hexane isiphetho esisodwa lilawulwa ku-80 ℃ ± 5 ℃, ukwelapha konke ukuguquguquka kuzo zombili izinhlangothi kuqala isikhathi. futhi igcina amahora angu-4, ngemva kokukhipha, i-organic reagent idluliselwa kupulaki yepulaki engunxantathu, engeza i-anhydrous sodium sulphate ibe yi-cone-grannular ngaphandle kwekhekhe elikhulu, isiqandisi ngobusuku obubodwa, ngemva kokuwela ukuhlunga kwe-millipore engu-0.45 μ m, ukuhwamuka okujikelezayo kuzosala ku-a. inani elincane, ukudluliselwa ebhodleleni lomjovo wesampula kanye ne-nitrogen ephephetha iphunga elingancibiliki, thola uwoyela ophuzi oguquguqukayo, kukhona i-peat-reek eqinile, la mafutha abalulekile enziwa ekuhlaziyweni kwe-GC-MS ku-inthanethi, i-organic reagent evamile i-hexane iyashintshwa. futhi yenza i-hexanaphthene (i-90 ℃ ± 5 ℃ yamazinga okushisa), i-methylene dichloride (50 ℃ ± 5 ℃), i-ethyl acetate (90 ℃ ± 5 ℃) futhi isebenzise indlela efanayo futhi iqhube ngenkathi isizinda sokuhluza, i-distillation extraction iwukuthi isampula yokukhipha isixazululo kanye ne-organic reagent kubekwa ngokulandelana kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zensimbi futhi kushisiswe ukuze kubiliswe kanyekanye, umhwamuko wamanzi nomhwamuko oncibilikayo (u) r kuxutshwe ngokugcwele kudivayisi, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukujiya kuyacima kanye nengxenye ye-organic solvent esigabeni samanzi ikhishwa njalo. namanje kule nqubo ezingcolile kanye ukwandisa, ngoba amanzi kanye nesigaba eziphilayo kungukuthi ziyoncibilika nomunye epayipi emise U-u futhi ahlukaniswe, kube emuva ngokulandelana ku flask nhlangothi zombili, ngokusebenzisa ziphuzo zazihluzwa, inqubo isizinda okuqhubekayo, ukujikeleza, ukufinyelela into yezinhlanganisela eziguquguqukayo nezingaguquguquki kancane zokulandelela ekukhishweni, ukuhlukaniswa kanye nesampula yokunothisa.

Ngenxa yokwamukela isikimu sesu, indlela yokukhipha yokuhlola inesici esinesivuno esiphezulu, esilula ukusisebenza; Isetshenziselwa ukugcinwa okusha kwe-lotus rhizome, umphumela muhle kakhulu; Faka isandla ekuthuthukiseni okuqukethwe kwenhlanganisela eqondiwe.